Fm 11-60
This evaluation can be divided into three major steps:Įvaluate the circumstances of the rescue. The rescue team leader must evaluate the situation and analyze the factors involved. THE RESCUER MUST NOT BECOME A CASUALTY.ī. When rescuing a casualty (victim) threatened by hostile action, environmental hazard, or any other immediate hazard, the rescuer should not take action without first determining the extent of the hazard and his ability to handle the situation. This plan should have contingencies included so as not to rely on a single asset.Ī. While the use of aircraft or vehicles is preferred and can expedite a rescue operation, evacuation of a seriously wounded soldier should never be delayed to await aircraft, vehicle, or a change in weather.Įvery commander should have a medical evacuation plan before undertaking an operation. (8) Helicopters or heated vehicles, if available, should be used for evacuation. When a victim develops signs of shock or worsens while being evacuated, he should be treated and retained at one of these stations until his condition allows evacuation. These stations must be staffed with the minimum medical personnel to provide proper emergency treatment.
#Fm 11 60 series
(7) When the evacuation route is long and arduous, a series of litter relay points or stations should be established. Speed in getting to a hospital must be balanced against the probability of further injury if working with inexperienced people, lack of equipment or wrong equipment, and terrain at hand. (6) Decide whether to evacuate with available facilities or to send for help. Speed is less important than correct action. (5) Do nothing more until you have thoroughly considered the situation. (4) Do not move the victim until you have ascertained the extent of injuries, unless it is necessary to prevent further injuries or the victim is located in a dangerous location (for example, avalanche run-out zone, hanging glacier, possibility of falling rocks). Protect the patient from environmental hazards. If the victim is unconscious, continually monitor pulse. (3) Immediately ensure the victim has an open airway, resume victim's breathing, control serious bleeding, and maintain moderate body warmth. Use reasonable care in reaching the victim. (2) Prevent further injuries to the victim and to others. One person, and one person only, is overall in charge at all times. The following actions will be done immediately at the rescue scene. Ensure that the MEDEVAC plan is a comprehensive plan and must be thought out and understood by all that may be involved in a potential rescue.Ĭ. For training missions always have a medical plan developed before an emergency arises (plan for the worst and hope for the best). For a planned rescue, equipment that is especially suited and designed for rescue should be used. Rescues will be unplanned (improvised) or planned rescue operations. Work and expense should be no deterrent when a life is at stake.ī. However, there is no excuse for failing to make the maximum effort within this limitation. When evacuating a victim from mountainous areas keep in mind that the purpose of a rescue operation is to save a life, and physical risk to the rescuers must be weighed against this purpose. They are, however, all subject to improvement and should be discarded or modified as better methods of handling victims are developed.Ī. The techniques of evacuation are proven techniques.
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To perform most of the high-angle rescues, Level I and Level II mountaineers are required with a Level III supervising. Rescue scenarios must be practiced and rehearsed until rescue party members are proficient in the many tasks required to execute a rescue. Performing a rescue operation can be a significant emotional event. Triage is performed by the most experienced medical personnel available (physician, physician's assistant, medic). Casualties should be triaged before evacuation. It is, therefore, imperative that all personnel are trained in mountain evacuation techniques and are self-sufficient. Air evacuation is preferred however, the weather, tactical situation, or operational ceiling of the aircraft may make this impossible. The evacuation technique chosen is determined by the type of injury, distance to be moved, terrain, and existing installations.
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Under these conditions, relatively minor injuries may require evacuation. Steep terrain and adverse weather are common in mountainous environments. CHAPTER 11 MOUNTAIN RESCUE AND EVACUATION